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Wednesday, July 31, 2024

Shored up

Shored up

A lot has happened since I last bothered even opening this website. With work five days a week and explorations on the other two, combined with trying to launch a YouTube channel, I've found myself neglecting this little corner of the internet for almost a month now. With July coming to a close, I figured I should at least get one or two posts out before the end of the month.

The Bay View Armory has always been one of Toledo's hidden gems, tucked away behind the rolling fairways of the Bay View Golf Course and the towering masts of the Toledo Yacht Club. Most people driving past on Summit Street are none the wiser to the existence of this prewar masterpiece.


Due to the site's close and I mean CLOSE proximity to the Toledo Yacht Club, our entry was not exactly smooth sailing. Despite arriving on scene during the workweek, the golf course was crowded with retirees, and the club was busy with staff preparing for the weekend rush.


Much to me and my partner's annoyance, we discovered that two workers from the yacht club were standing no more than 20 feet from where we needed to squeeze through an opening in the fence. At this point, it would have been suspicious for us to randomly make a 180 and walk away in the other direction, so we decided to commit and slip through the fence as quickly and quietly as possible.

The dedication reads as following:

DEDICATED TO
THE NAVAL RESERVE
OF OHIO

"ESSENTIAL TO THE NATION'S WAR STRENGTH
IS A WELL TRAINED AND EFFICENT RESERVE"

FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT
PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES

ERECTED BY
CIVIL WORKS ADMINISTRATION
FEDERAL EMERGENCY RELIEF ADMINISTRATION
WORKS PROGRESS ADMINISTRATION
1934-1936

SPONSORED BY
CAPITAN A F.NICKLETT. U.S.N.D
AREA COMMANDER



By some miracle, the two employees hadn't noticed our antics or become suspicious of where we had wandered off to. We decided to remain cautious and avoid any more wide-open spaces as we made our approach to the building.


Construction on the building began in 1934. The armory was one of many WPA projects in Toledo. I always figured the WPA needed no introduction, but the few peers I spoke with about it didn’t know what the WPA was. So, alas, I shall provide a quick summary of the WPA, courtesy of Wikipedia.


Organized in 1935, the Works Progress Administration was a successor to the Federal Emergency Relief Administration. Both were designed to provide jobs in unskilled labor for those affected by the 1929 Depression.

The door said it was a classroom, feels more like dorms to me.

The WPA specialized in public works projects, like the aforementioned armory, as well as roads, bridges, parks, airports, etc. In some cases, the WPA provided on-site housing for the staff as well as meals. WPA workers also constructed and operated Japanese internment camps throughout WWII.


The Works Progress Administration was eventually dissolved in 1943 following the postwar economic boom. Some notable structures constructed by the WPA include Griffith Observatory, LaGuardia Airport, and the Hoover Dam.


Before my visit to the Armory, the only other WPA buildings I had visited in the Toledo area were several of the buildings at the Toledo Zoo and the Toledo Library. I believe the Armory in Detroit, as well as the old public library, were also WPA projects.

Some rooms were in noticeably worse condition.

Construction of the armory was completed in 1936, and it began use under the Ohio Naval Militia shortly after. The Ohio Naval Militia was organized in 1896 by the Ohio General Assembly. During the early years of operation, there were only two battalions: one in Toledo and one in Cleveland.

A recreation room perhaps?

The Ohio Naval Militia participated in the Spanish–American War as part of the 10th Ohio Volunteer Infantry. After the war, the militia purchased its first ship, an aging revenue cutter known as the "Andrew Johnson," which was retrofitted to meet operational demands at the time. The militia was also assigned the U.S. Navy's first iron-hulled warship, the USS Michigan, in 1897. The ONM would later be deployed throughout World War I.

The shooting range which reeked of mold.

The brand-new armory was used by the militia until 1947, when the Ohio Naval Militia was integrated into the newly formed Naval Reserve. Throughout WWII, the facility was used to house and train new recruits for the Navy.

Entrance to the weapons lockup.

In addition to its use as a training center throughout WWII, the facility also housed many public events, including dances, concerts, dinners, and various other gatherings. It's always interesting to see pre-WWII—or really pre-Cold War—military facilities where you could just casually walk in on any old Tuesday without a guard shack in sight.

 Unfortunately the weapons lockups were completely empty, even the shelving was removed.

What could be upstairs??

Lockups for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical weapons?!

After the end of WWII, the facility became less of an "armory" and even more of a venue for public events. The large drill hall on the second floor was an attractive feature for many school dances, graduations, and other public gatherings. In addition the building itself is beautifully situated on 7 acres of greenery and is on its own peninsula overlooking the muddy Maumee. It doesn’t get much better than that for the average Ohioan!

The massive drill hall was definitely one of the more impressive areas of the armory.

The building is said to be designed "like the deck of a ship", Personally I didn't see it.

The windows themselves have begun to fall out of their frames to the floor, surprisingly not the handiwork of scrappers for once.


In 1977, the Ohio Naval Militia was reactivated; however, it never reunited with the Bay View Naval Armory. Today, the Ohio Naval Militia operates out of the Camp Perry Joint Training Center in Port Clinton, Ohio. I actually drive past this place every time I'm on my way to Port Clinton for flying lessons.

The area above the main entrance was circular like below, however it had been retrofitted with these random empty offices with no ceiling.

Despite never finding any concrete evidence online, I believe that at some point the Marines operated the armory, either with or without the Naval Reserve. We found numerous signs relating to the Marines scattered throughout the armory.


The Naval Reserve ceased operations at the armory in 1988. It’s unclear if the facility was used for public events after this, but in 1997, it was purchased by the City of Toledo for $40,000. After the acquisition, plans were radio silent until 2004, when the building was purchased by none other than Roger Homrich.

The Mess Hall.

Being an abandoned building and having Roger Homrich take an interest in you is like having a serial killer flirt with you. Before his unfortunate passing in 2021, Roger Homrich was the owner of Homrich Demolition Company. Homrich was contracted to demolish many substantial Detroit structures in the past, such as Cass Tech, the Statler Hotel, the J.L. Hudson Department Store, and the Packard Plant. I also believe they were contracted to demolish Boysville.

A sauna?

hmmm

Luckily, demolition wasn’t on Homrich’s mind when he purchased the facility. He originally intended to store boats inside the building. Shortly after the purchase, renovations were completed on the roof. Unfortunately, for whatever reason, renovation ceased on the site, and it has since been left to decay.

Entrance to the kitchen.

The kitchen, note the huge fume hood.

The building itself has an interesting history related to the world of demolition, as many of the materials used in its construction were salvaged from demolition projects of that time.


Unfortunately today the building is in worse condition then it ever has been, the roof over the drill hall has completely given out and the foundation has begun to sink causing large cracks to form in some walls.

A garage on the first floor.

Storage for spare parts.

Storage for personal items.

While I have been exploring more than ever lately, I haven't had much time for posting. Once summer winds down and I go back to college, maybe the posting will pick up more. Only time will tell, I guess. Until then:

Mutagen Out!





Friday, June 21, 2024

Elvis Has Left the Building

Elvis Has Left the Building

I've gone back and forth with myself on whether or not I should post about this place. My main concern is that posting exterior photos of buildings full of scrap metal would lead the less savory characters to flock to the site. However, upon discovering that this site had reached the YouTube Shorts page, I decided I might as well get ahead of the incoming flood of tacky Instagram photos and make the post now.

Coming in at a whopping 280 square acres, the sheer size of this site gives other large locations on this blog, like the Crown Vantage Paper Mill, a run for their money. I stumbled upon this site by complete accident while attempting to scope out the nearby Trenton Channel Power Station. Deciding that Trenton Channel was likely a bust, I contacted fellow explorer Finlay Hamm and we decided to check out this place instead.


We visited this site sometime in early March, I believe during the first week because I had attended Autorama the day prior. I wanted to visit the site sooner rather than later because I hoped to photograph Trenton Channel before its stacks were imploded just a week or so later.
 

The overall facility consists of two separate "sides," both working practically independent of each other. The East side solely manufactured inorganic products (chemicals not based on complex carbon molecules), while the West side manufactured organic compounds.

The west side before it was demolished.

The complex began on the west side when Monsanto started construction on a phosphate plant in 1937. Four years later, in 1941, Ed O’Neal, who would later become chairman of the board at Monsanto, began overseeing the construction and startup of the new facility. Despite supply chain disruptions caused by World War II and a particularly frigid winter, Ed O’Neal had the plant operating at full capacity by the end of 1942.


According to a former employee whom I interviewed, the west side produced no consumer products. Instead, it focused on industrial products centered around phosphorus, including ingredients for the manufacturing of toothpaste.


A 1995 report by the Securities and Exchange Commission states that the west side produced dental and industrial phosphates for products such as dentifrices, dish detergents, and water conditioners. The site also manufactured phosphoric acid, phosphorus pentasulfide, and phosphorus trichloride, which are used for metal treating, cleaning and etching, plant food fertilizers, and oil additives.


Around the same time as Monsanto was constructing the original phosphate plant, they were also collaborating with Shawinigan Resins of Canada on the manufacturing of Polyvinyl butyral resin. This collaboration led to the development of a new type of interlayer for laminated glass known as "Saflex.".


According to Saflex's website; "Saflex is a plasticized polyvinyl butyral film that bonds with glass under heat and pressure to form laminated safety glass. The Saflex interlayer sandwiched between the layers of glass is responsible for the enhanced performance properties of laminated glass. It is sold as refrigerated or interleaved rolls and is manufactured in a variety of formulations, colors, and thicknesses for use in laminated architectural, transportation and specialty glazings.". 


Saflex was originally used exclusively for architectural purposes until 1951 when they developed a process to apply a gradient color band on the automotive interlayer. In 1956, construction was completed on the new east-side plant, which began producing resins for automotive Saflex in the early 1960s, along with its sister plant in Ghent, Belgium.

This Rotary Dryer was a sweet find!

Inside the dryer.

Soon after production began at the Trenton site, Saflex introduced the "High Penetration Resistant" interlayer in 1965. This new design tripled the penetration resistance of Saflex windshields. Have you ever tried to break a windshield before? Unlike side or back windows, windshields don't shatter into a million tiny pieces when struck with something (or in the case of my car, sitting in my driveway apparently). The reason windshields retain their shape even when severely damaged is because of the interlayer. This prevents your windshield from turning into a claymore in the event of an accident, or in the case of people who don't wear seatbelts, it makes it easier for your family members to glue you back together.


The east side was further divided into two smaller parts, with the north end of the site dedicated specifically to the manufacture and testing of Saflex interlayers. The south side of the site focused on the manufacture of specialty resins like polyvinyl butyral resin, which was commonly used in plastic interlayers (massive shocker there).


In 1997, a divestiture by Monsanto led to the creation of Solutia Inc. Solutia specialized in the manufacture of polyvinyl butyral, ethylene vinyl acetate, and thermoplastic polyurethane. Shortly after its creation, Solutia assumed control over the Trenton site, continuing to manufacture Saflex as well as "Butvar" and "Gelva" resins.

The security booth, note the covid signage, this is the 4th place now that I've explored with covid signage. The others include Martin SchoolWernert Elementary, and Outer Drive Hospital

In 1998, Solutia decided to form a joint venture with FMC Corporation, another US-based chemical manufacturer, to create Astaris LLC. This joint venture assumed control over all of Solutia's organic compound production, including the west side of the Trenton plant.


In November of 2005, Astaris was bought out by Israel Chemicals Ltd, which showed no interest in continuing operations at the Trenton site. As a result, the site closed just months later. By mid-2006, the organics plant was mostly demolished. Today, the site has been partially redeveloped as the Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge.


In 2009, Saflex production was discontinued at the Trenton site, and the north half of the site was mothballed. It remains unclear if this portion of the site was ever used again and, if so, what it was used for. When we explored it, the Saflex building appeared to have been recently inhabited. However, much of the equipment left behind appeared to be related to the process of interlayer production.

This strange train-like device ran on electric rails down the hallway

Unfortunately, the Saflex building was extremely dark and difficult to photograph without my tripod or a large light. Some areas also had a concerningly sweet smell. We decided to err on the side of caution and not spend much time in those areas.


The cutting room was very difficult to photograph, my photo of the cutting machine came out super blurry so I cant use it.

This was probably the only room inside the Saflex plant with any sort of natural light.


The layoffs from the Saflex closure totaled around 115 of the 187 persons currently employed at the Trenton plant. Despite the closure, the plant would continue to make and supply Butvar to other sites producing the Saflex interlayer.


In 2012, Solutia was acquired by Eastman Chemical Company for $4.7 billion. Eastman was actually once a subsidiary of Kodak. Despite this acquisition, the only change the Trenton site experienced was a name change on one of the signs out front.


As time went on, the Trenton plant became more and more unreliable. In 2017, due to an environmental dispute with the Trenton Channel Power Station, the site's sole provider of steam, the facility was forced to truck in portable steam generators until the issue was resolved. The plant was now operating with a skeleton crew of only about 80 people.


Finally, in 2020, it was announced that the Trenton facility would close its doors for good. Eastman stated the main reason for the closure was low demand and financial difficulties caused by the Covid-19 Pandemic. Another cited reason was the aforementioned cost of operating portable steam generators and the need to eventually find or construct a powerhouse on site as Trenton Channel was set to close in only two years.

The stacks at Trenton Channel were scheduled to be demolished only two weeks after this photo was taken. However, their demolition was delayed for a few months. At the time of writing this, the stacks and coal bunker have been imploded.

Despite a planned closure date of 2020, the plant continued to operate until April 2021 due to an unexpected increase in resin demand. On May 2nd, 2021, production was fully halted, and on December 1st, all equipment at the Trenton plant went silent for the first time in 80 years, never to be turned back on.


The closure of the facility left roughly 80 people jobless and caused a noticeable decrease in taxable income for the city of Trenton. Since the early 2000s, Trenton has lost several key businesses, including McLouth Steel and the Trenton Channel Power Station.


In July of 2022, the property was purchased by the Commercial Development Company, which specializes in the redevelopment of Brownfield sites. Brownfield sites, if you are unfamiliar, are lands that are difficult to redevelop due to possible contaminants left behind by their former occupants; the Toledo DuPont plant and Moore Chrome are both examples of this. Plans were soon announced to liquidate all equipment onsite and demolish all remaining structures.


Due to my laziness and refusal to scout anything in person ahead of time, we entered this exploration quite unsure of what to expect. All Google Earth images showed some sort of vehicle present, with the exception of street view, so we figured it at least had some sort of security personnel or, at the very least, alarms.


We arrived on site prepared for battle and a serious stealth mission... or at least I had; my partner arrived wearing a purple shirt and a bright orange backpack. I tried to fly my drone, but it refused to take off for some reason, so we had to go in blind.


To our surprise, we found there to be zero on-site security, and every door was unlocked. This made us partially relieved; however, we still had to keep our guard up, as Trenton cops do not take kindly to trespassing, and neighbors love to snitch.


The site was massive and took us all day to explore; we didn't even get to see everything before it was time to head home. Before we left, we decided to climb the recovery structure to get a good overview of the site.


The recovery structure distilled waste streams from Butvar production to recover Ethyl Acetate as a by-product, which was then sold off.

The Butvar production building in the foreground with Trenton channel in the back.

The Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge where the warehouse for the organics side used to be.


It doesn't appear that CDC has made much progress on gutting or demolishing the site in recent months. I am unsure if or when they will resume, but honestly, I'm surprised it hasn't been ripped to shreds by scrappers yet. I guess the scrap prices must be low. I remember before it was demolished, the old Riverside Osteopathic Hospital had issues with scrappers constantly getting arrested there.


If you are wondering why the title is "Elvis Has Left the Building" after I drove off my partner decided to go around front for some additional shots and stumbled across an old sign board with this on it;

Photo by Finlay.

Not sure if I'm going to upload anything else this month. I honestly haven't been doing much exploring lately, despite originally intending to. Anyways, as usual...